How a Bill Becomes Law Essay - 1153 Words

It seems the Founders wanted to make the passage of legislation difficult. The Constitution settles how bills become law in the United States. The procedure is operose and can take significant time to complete. The course materials of week three offer more than enough information on how the procedure works. This essay will, mainly, use the course materials to describe the process of how a bill becomes a law. The process of transforming a bill into a law requires the participation of both the Legislative branch and Executive branch of government. Before there is a law, there is a bill – and bills have many phases to pass through before these may become laws. The course materials of week three point out that a bill can originate†¦show more content†¦Thus, Members of the House may only speak on a bill in the time mandated by the House Rules Committee vis-à  -vis their judgments for that particular bill. It is also possible for the House to meet as the Committee of the Whole, which has more streamlined debating rules – though the Committee of the Whole cannot pass a bill. The Senate debate rules differ with the debate rules of the House of Representatives, as Senators have an unlimited time to debate bills – this lack of limit allows a filibuster to occur. The course materials state, â€Å"Debate can be closed by unanimous consent, or by invoking ‘cloture,’ which requires a three-fifths majority (at least 60 votes) of the entire Senate† (Unit 3 the Congress, 10). Once a bil l passes through the House of Representatives, or the Senate, it must pass through the other chamber of Congress before it becomes law. Various actions can occur once a bill passes through the first house and awaits approval by the second. The course materials point out that if one chamber passes the bill the other may: pass the bill as it stands, send the bill to a committee, reject the bill, or ignore the bill (Unit 3 the Congress, 11). If referred to a committee, that committee would: examine the bill, change the bill, or both. If rejected, the rejecting chamber will apprise the other chamber of its act. If ignored, the ignoring chamber would press forward with its work on that chamber’s particular version of the bill.Show MoreRelatedHow A Bill Becomes A Law1125 Words   |  5 PagesA president of our United States once claimed that â€Å"Can’t living with a bill means it won’t become law† (AZ Quotes). However, is George W. Bush right? Will a â€Å"bad† law ever get passed. Well, to answer that question, you need to know how a bill becomes a law. It is pretty widely known that there are three branches of the United States Government. It has been this way since the US Constitution created our national government over 200 years ago. With these multiple branches to speak of there must beRead MoreHow a Bill Becomes a Law1118 Words   |  5 PagesThe road a bill takes to becoming a law is a long and tedious process. First, the proposed bill goes through the House of representatives. Once the bill has been approved by the House, it is then begins its journey through the Senate. After the bill has been endorsed by the Senate, the houses of congress then meet in conference committees to prepare the bill to be sent to the White House. To summarize, the path the bill takes to become a law is a fairly complex impediment. br brNow to begin,Read MoreHow a Bill Becomes a Law1156 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor role in decision making. They’re primary role is to pass laws. These laws start off as bills. Bills can only be introduced by members of Congress. Altho ugh these bills only come from Congressman, there are many people who influence these bills. Such as the president, regular citizens, offices in the executive branch, and many others. The bills right off the bat do not have a very good chance of passage. Only 1 out of every 10 bills even gets any attention at all. This is because they must goRead MoreHow A Bill Becomes A Law1180 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor role in decision making. They’re primary role is to pass laws. These laws start off as bills. Bills can only be introduced by members of Congress. Although these bills only come from Congressman, there are many people who influence these bills. Such as the president, regular citizens, offices in the executive branch, and many others. The bills right off the bat do not have a very good chance of passage. Only one out of every ten bills even gets any attention at all. This is because they must goRead MoreHow Does A Bill Become A Law?765 Words   |  4 PagesHow does a bill b ecome a law? There are quite a number of steps in order for a bill to become a law. A bill is a legislative proposal that must be passed by House, Senate, and the President in order to become a law. Once an idea for a bill is written and well developed, any member of Congress can make an official introduction. There are two types of bills; public that deals with matters of the general public, and private which is specific to an individual or an organization. These often relate toRead More How A Bill Becomes A Law Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pagesroad a bill takes to becoming a law is a long and tedious process. First, the proposed bill goes through the House of representatives. Once the bill has been approved by the House, it is then begins its journey through the Senate. After the bill has been endorsed by the Senate, the houses of congress then meet in conference committees to prepare the bill to be sent to the White House. To summarize, the path the bill takes to become a law is a fairly complex impediment. Now to begin, the bill mustRead MoreEssay On How A Bill Becomes A Law743 Words   |  3 Pages How a bill becomes law is not as easy as expected. In my paper it is important for me to explain the basics which are a total of ten steps a bill have to take before it become a law. First, a bill is originated from an idea, then it is proposed and introduced to the house of representatives. The bill is then reviewed and then it gets debated on the floor where if it passes will be received by the senate. The senate then proceeds with further review of the bill and after reviewing it, and then itRead MoreEssay On How A Bill Becomes A Law889 Words   |  4 PagesHow a Bill Becomes a Law After studying this chapter about all the steps required for a bill to become a law, I can see why many times you hear the general populace complain that it seems like nothing gets done. Even though the process seems arduous, I think it is wise to fine tune something that will become a law so that it has maximum effect without infringing on people’s rights. When trying to decide the best way to explain the process, I thought about a bill that for me personally would be aRead MoreHow a Bill Becomes a Law Essay840 Words   |  4 PagesFor a bill to become a law it takes more than one step and more than one person deciding, its not as easy as it seems. First, the legislation is introduced, and then you have the committee action, afterwards floor action, conference committee, the president, and then the bill becomes a law. Some bills will never make it through any of these processes but for those who really want their bill to pass, if they fight for it they just might get lucky. This paper will show you that it takes more thanRead MoreEssay On How A Bill Become A Law1000 Words   |  4 Pages How A Bill Become A Law What is a bill? A bill is proposed laws and lawmaking being thought about carefully by a government. A bill does not become law until it is passed by the government and, in most cases, approved by the executive. Once a bill has been put into law it is called an act of the government, or a law. Before a law is made it has to be passed through both House of congresses. Laws begin as ideas. These ideas may come from a Representative--or from a person who lawfully

Essay on Patriarchy in Hamlet - 1721 Words

Patriarchy in Hamlet William Shakespeare’s Hamlet employs the concept of patriarchy in several scenarios and each on different levels. These levels of patriarchy, if even for the same character, vary in their role in the play. Three patriarchal characters are easily identified: the ghost of Hamlet’s father, the king Claudius, and the lord chamberlain Polonius. Despite their variances each patriarchy displays values and actions which are key factors in bringing about the cataclysmic ending to Hamlet. Claudius fills the role of father figure as both king to a nation and stepfather to young Hamlet, whose father has died unexpectedly. It is revealed later that Claudius is responsible for the death of his brother, King†¦show more content†¦Claudius accepts this message at face value and foolishly shuffles it aside; he is more eager to hear news on the matters of his stepson Hamlet (2.2.60-85). It is the threat within the family that has Claudius distracted from the threat without. A wiser king would certainly concern himself with affairs abroad and defense of his borders more than Claudius has shown himself capable of doing. Claudius’s poor display as head of the grand patriarchy of the throne of Denmark is directly related to his poor display as the patriarch of the royal family. His character is cast in an unfavorable light from the start to the omniscient reader: incestuous murderer, spy, plotter, and schemer. To Hamlet, he is no father figure. Hamlet is made extremely angry by Claudius’s marriage to Gertrude. This is, of course, even before he is privy to the information that Claudius is his father’s murderer. He is angry with the haste in which his mother has agreed to marry Claudius, and so overwhelmed with grief is Hamlet that he cannot identify with his new father figure (1.2.129-57). This anger is not to be viewed from an Oedipal point of view (Hamlet expresses no interest in â€Å"replacing† either his father or step-father) but out of genuine love and concern for his true father, who in life represented a healthy patriarchal figure to Hamlet. These conflicts in emot ion do not bode well for the infrastructure of the royalShow MoreRelatedWomen s Tragedy : Hamlet And King Lear1185 Words   |  5 PagesTinsley Anderson Dr. Pitchford ENGL 4037 24 November 2015 Women in Shakespeare’s Tragedies: Hamlet and King Lear While William Shakespeare’s Tragedies are well known for their violence, tragic heroes, and fatal flaws, the method in which Shakespeare portrays his female characters in a negative light is seldom expressed. The women of Shakespeare’s Tragedies are represented unfavorably, no matter if they are virtuous or evil. â€Å"Shakespeare’s plays are not lacking in women with positive human qualitiesRead MoreComparison Of Ophelia And Hamlet By William Shakespeare1382 Words   |  6 Pagescould. I took what I felt were the three major points of this play with women in it. I analyzed how Shakespeare portrayed and meant the two major female characters to be (Ophilia and Gertrude), and an example of the interactions between Ophelia and Hamlet, as they were very consistent throughout the story, and are an interesting but very easy display of societal norms at that time. After the fallout of my previous essay I tried to stay as far away from using resources to avoid anything else fromRead MoreHamlet: a Feminist Approach Essay examples1224 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet: A Feminist Approach Sexism: the belief or attitude that one sex is inherently superior to, more competent than, or more valuable than the other (most commonly used for male superiority). This idea that women are weak is not a new one in the modern world. It has been studied for countless years along with the concept of a patriarchal society. A patriarchy is defined as a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it. Such systems currentlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Hamlet 1061 Words   |  5 PagesKylie Kwiatt Jaime Jordan Reading Shakespeare October 29, 2014 Hamlet through Feminist Lens In the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the character of Ophelia may be looked at and analyzed through a Feminist perspective. By using a Feminist lens, readers may observe the impact of patriarchal society and misogyny on the mind of a young lady doing her best to fit into the role of a Shakespearian-era woman. Women were expected to be virginal, yet sexual, subservient and inferior to men, and possessionsRead MoreA Traditional Revenge Tragedy Approach To Hamlet759 Words   |  4 Pagesan injury or caused by another character (Reedy). In the play of Hamlet, this approach can easily be seen in the character Hamlet’s plot to â€Å"remember† his father. After his father’s death, Hamlet spends the whole play concocting a plan to avenge his father. He develops a play to bring guilt to his father’s murderer and to convince the royal subjects of their king’s foul sin. The tragedy in this approach occurs at the end when Hamlet successfully gets his f ather’s revenge, but in doing so is also killedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Female Characters1232 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish writers and creators of all time. However, his works open themselves up to interpretation, whether in historical context or symbolism; they lend themselves to every readers individual response. In this research paper I will be addressing patriarchy, his treatment of female characters as commodity, and the misogynistic themes in his works. My goal is not to find the ultimate answer to the question of whether Shakespeare was a misogynist or not, that would simply be unrealistic. But throughRead MoreThe And Human Nature s Love For Categorization1011 Words   |  5 Pagesset of aspects it analyzes, but all have one thing in common, they help find the underlying themes and/or motivations behind the text, whether they were intentional or not. One classic example of one of these underlying themes is Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Hamlet can be seen through a Feminist Literary Lens, revealing the patriarchal structure of society in this fictional work of literature. To begin with, one cannot look at a work through a Feminist Literary Lens until one knows what that is. To putRead MoreThe Decision Of Hamlet s Mental State939 Words   |  4 PagesA theme of ‘madness’ is carefully and creatively manifested within Hamlet. A question that I intend to get out of the way fairly quickly would be the decision of Hamlet’s mental state. There is much controversy surrounding the idea of Hamlet’s madness, and textual evidence can support either side of the argument. However, madness is still at the heart of this play, whether it be real or feigned. Since we cannot prove Hamlet’s sanity, we may still act under the assumption that he has lost his holdRead MoreThe Insanity Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe Insanity in Hamlet Insanity, a theme explored by multiple authors in countless classic selections, has instilled itself as one of the darkest and interesting themes in the literary world. In Shakespeare’s legendary Hamlet, the audience questions the sanity of Hamlet and Ophelia constantly, as well as that of the other characters. As the story progresses, this becomes more and more relevant, bringing the reader to consider the causes and effects of the characters’ mental states on the resolutionRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet And The Duchess Of Malfi 2029 Words   |  9 Pagescharacters in ‘Hamlet’ and ‘The duchess of Malfi’ by using general themes such as the patriarchy and the social control, the female identity and its independence, this institution of marriage, the expressions of sexuality and finally women shown to be either conformist or transgressive. Men were firmly in control in the Elizabethan and Jacobean era, and the expectations for women we re to stay home, cook, clean and raise a family. Women’s status and roles were subject to the Tyranny of patriarchy, they were

Research in Business for Brand Image of a Product-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theResearch in Business for Brand Image of a Product. Answer: Introduction Online marketing is a very popular trend among various types of marketing strategies. The internet has captured the world in a massive way and the emergence of smartphones and android technologies have made life easier for both the producers and consumers (Hulbert Harrigan, 2014). The new internet and smartphone technology plays a significant role in the marketing strategies by the manufacturers of products and services. On the other hand, proper marketing strategies are extremely essential to create brand image of a product or service. Quality of the product or service is another necessary factor for creating brand image. One of the fundamental criteria of creating brand image is to ensure that the information about the product or service reaches to a larger target audience and for that, wide spread marketing is required (France, Merrilees Miller, 2015). The manufacturers are adopting online marketing techniques to reach to wider consumer base in a more convenient manner. Hence, t here may be a significant relation between the online marketing and brand image, which will be researched in this study. Problem statement Role of online marketing in creating brand image of a product or service is the problem statement of this research study. Brand image majorly depends on the product quality and price. However, marketing is an extremely important function in the organizational operations of any manufacturing company. There are various types of promotional strategies, adopted by the companies to create a brand image and reach to the target audience. Today, the producers are adopting online marketing technique to capture a bigger market share (Purani Sahadev, 2015). Hence, the focus of the research study will be on the contribution of the online marketing in creating brand image of goods and services. Research aim The aim of the research study is to find out to what extent the online promotional or marketing techniques cast impact on the creation of brand image of a product or service. Apart from product quality and price, the quality of the promotional techniques is also considered to have influence on the brand image. The research paper aims to evaluate if online marketing creates any significant difference in building up a brand image for a product or service. Research objective The objectives of the research paper are: To examine the factors influencing the brand image creation for a product or service To assess the different marketing techniques having an impact on the brand image creation. To assess the different online promotional techniques and their pros and cons To evaluate the impact of the online marketing techniques on the creation of the brand image for any product or service Research methodology Research methodology refers to the strategy of the researcher, to be adopted to address the research problem. It consists of research philosophy, approach, strategy, design, data collection and analysis process. The basic plan of the researcher to address the research aim and objectives and reach to the conclusion in a most logical and appropriate manner is the subject matter of research methodology (Lewis, 2015). The researcher will to try to assess the impact of online marketing on the creation of brand image of any product or service through this research study. To proceed with the study, firstly, the researcher must conduct a comprehensive literature review. This is required to gain knowledge about various factors of the research study. The researcher will present the findings from the literature of other scholars to make the readers acquainted with the topic of the research (Bryman Bell, 2015). The literature review will be done in alignment with the objectives of the research and will be presented in a thematic structure. The researcher will collect both the primary and secondary data for this research study. Primary data will be collected through a survey. 50 participants will be chosen using simple random sampling and they will be asked 10 close ended questions, which would focus on getting the information about the perceptions of the participants on the impact of online marketing on the brand image of goods and services. Secondary data will be collected by the researcher from various academic and peer reviewed journals, books, magazines, online publications, presentations, newspaper articles and official websites of different companies in this industry. This data is helpful in validating the results of the primary data analysis. Secondary data sources and analysis process As mentioned earlier, the researcher will use the secondary data to provide support to the primary research and to validate the findings. Various peer reviewed journals will be considered to get relevant knowledge about the research topic. The journals, such as, Journal of Business Research, Marketing Intelligence Planning, Computers in Human Behavior, Journal of Product Brand Management, Psychology Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, International Journal of Electronic Commerce will be consulted for the articles by various scholars. Along with that, various books on factors of brand image, marketing techniques and brand image, different types of marketing techniques, such as, online promotional technique and its impact on brand image will be consulted to get information on various themes of the research. Apart from that, various newspaper articles, such as, from Sydney Morning Herald, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, Herald Sun etc. and annual reports of a few manufacturi ng companies will be reviewed for relevant data on online marketing and brand image. After the data collection, the researcher will apply the quantitative method for analyzing the primary responses. The survey will be conducted using Google form. The responses will be collected in the Likert scale values and it will be presented in MS Excel file. The data will be converted into numerical values. Statistical calculations will be performed on the data to get the relation between the online marketing and brand image. Qualitative thematic analysis will be performed on the secondary data to evaluate the reliability and validity of the outcomes of the primary data analysis. References Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015).Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. France, C., Merrilees, B., Miller, D. (2015). Customer brand co-creation: a conceptual model.Marketing Intelligence Planning,33(6), 848-864. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-06-2014-0105 Hulbert, B., Harrigan, P. (2014). The Impact of Technology on Marketing - Introducing a New Marketing DNA.The Sustainable Global Marketplace, 296-300. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10873-5_171 Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.Health promotion practice,16(4), 473-475. Purani, K., Sahadev, S. (2015). Generating Trust in E-Services through Service Quality: The Moderating Role of Technology Readiness.Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science, 448-448. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18687-0_163 Bibliography Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Ashley, C., Tuten, T. (2014). Creative Strategies in Social Media Marketing: An Exploratory Study of Branded Social Content and Consumer Engagement.Psychology Marketing,32(1), 15-27. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20761 Buil, I., de Chernatony, L., Martnez, E. (2013). Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation.Journal of Business Research,66(1), 115-122. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.030 Gensler, S., Vlckner, F., Egger, M., Fischbach, K., Schoder, D. (2015). Listen to Your Customers: Insights into Brand Image Using Online Consumer-Generated Product Reviews.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,20(1), 112-141. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10864415.2016.1061792 Kaufmann, H., Loureiro, S., Manarioti, A. (2016). Exploring behavioural branding, brand love and brand co-creation.Journal of Product Brand Management,25(6), 516-526. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-06-2015-0919 Li, H., Kannan, P. (2014). Attributing Conversions in a Multichannel Online Marketing Environment: An Empirical Model and a Field Experiment.Journal of Marketing Research,51(1), 40-56. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.13.0050 Ryan, D. (2016).Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Tajvidi, M., Wang, Y., Hajli, N., Love, P. (2017). Brand value Co-creation in social commerce: The role of interactivity, social support, and relationship quality.Computers in Human Behavior. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.11.006

Language and Culture The honorifics (speech or system) of Japanese and Korean

Introduction Use of a detailed system of honorifics has been in use by the Japanese since time in memorial. This sets out a difference between the addresser and the addressee.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Language and Culture: The honorifics (speech or system) of Japanese and Korean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research on this topic has shown that its use is determined by different aspects contained in a speech, this include the formality of the very status and the addresser or addressee position. In Japan, honorific use is determined by the category of the addressee, that is, he/ she might be superior to the addresser, and this corresponds directly to the verb in use. Honorific use by the addressee, that is distal forms, is directed by the factors prevailing in that current situation such as the speech formality, addressee/ addresser social identity and logically oriented accounts. Although rule s and obligation dictate the use of honorifics, they cannot account for the differences in their use. There is variation in the use of honorifics regardless of the fact that the same person is addressed under similar speech situation (Dunn 1). In Korea, a different use of horrific is implemented in order to portray politeness. In the past, horrific was used to set out the differences in societal conditions between orators. Today, horrific is used to give a distinction between formal and informal speech depending on how familiar the orator and the audience are. Horrific is used to show respect among people of different social status. Examples of horrific used in Korea are; Ssi, Gun, Ghaka, Gwiha among others.Advertising Looking for research paper on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They are used either as prefixes or suffixes to the surname (Byon Para. 4). Each horrific is used at a different social setting and if w rongly used, they are seen as a form of insult. In both Korea and Japan, horrific is generally used to accord respect to the subject and portray some kind of politeness. Different verbs exist in both countries that are used at different social setting and levels. Importance of understanding culture in explaining one’s language Culture can be defined as practices that are similar to a given group but different to another one. To understand a different language, it is important to familiarize with the same people’s culture. Knowing what people in a culture do and speak is important because it helps to know what these people treasure and deem consequently, leading to prediction of their behavior. This helps one to become more acquainted with the peoples’ actions hence avoiding being caught unawares or reducing chances of mixed reactions to this behavior. This is important as it helps one adjust to the new setting. After one has come to the knowledge of how and why all these actions are taken, it is easier now to cope with the differences thus making an easier way of interacting. Culture is likened onto an iceberg. The same way an iceberg has both the visible and invisible sections, the same is evident with culture where some features are observable and others can only be perceived. Some of these aspects include; gestures, eating habits, music, religious beliefs and many others. Usually, the invisible aspects directly influence the invisible ones (understanding culture 6).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Language and Culture: The honorifics (speech or system) of Japanese and Korean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Use of gestures can be used here to depict how important it is to understand a culture in order to better explain a different language. As a common mode of communication in the modern world, body language such as facial expression can have different mean ing in different cultural setting. Therefore, if one is not very conversant with a given culture, cases of misunderstanding may occur thus leading to conflict between these two cultures. Value differences between the Korean and Japan Value can be defined as a core component of culture as it focuses on change that directly influences behavior. Value is also vital in the business arena in that, its components influence the customer’s choice. Such components include social, conditional functional, emotional among others. From a consumer’s perspective, value can be seen as the total measure of utility of a service. It is apparent that there are differences in value depending on the cultural setting and satisfaction required by the individuals in these two countries (Kim 229). This is more evident in business ,for example, in mobile internet whereby in Korea, download services are mostly used thus achieving emotional value while in Japan, e-mail services are frequently used thus attaining a functional value. Thus the value attained in the countries (Kim 236). Differences in Korean and Japan communication system Individualism-Collectivism Culture is divided into two categories in both Japan and Korea. These two categories are individualism and collectiveness. In individualism, societal groups are perceived to be individual and respect for rights and equality is considered.Advertising Looking for research paper on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, collectivism deals with groups whereby corporations are formed comprising of different people. Collectivism has various disadvantages such as lack of privacy and self-esteem (Deep culture para. 5). Both Koreans and Japanese can be viewed to be collectivists. Generally, countries such as Korea, Japan, China and Russia which relay on agriculture as a means of income for survival are said to be collectivism. Those that deal with nomadic such as, Europe, North America and Arab are perceived to be individualistic. Both Koreans and Japanese are not only collectivism but also, individualism in the sense that they work as groups with an aim of benefiting these very same groups. This is because of various reasons such as their lifestyle from the past whereby they depended on rice farming that required coming together hence discouraging individualism. For a long period, there have been interactions between the two countries, thus promoting similarity between them. Due to th e Japanese invasion in Korea, the Koreans were forced to think and act in a similar manner to the Japanese. Thus, aspects of collectivism such as harmony and dependency are upheld. Thoughts for the two Asians states are very similar in that they believe in getting their happiness by a way of interacting with friends. In the current world, people are moving from collectivism to individualism. This is also evident in the two countries where people have become more self centered. Egalitarianism- Hierarchism Egalitarianism is the belief of equality for all people; it imposes an equal treatment for all as the whole human race is entrusted to the same rights. On the other hand hierarchism portrays a protocol in which there those people above or below others in terms of age or their position in the government that is seniors and juniors. In Korea, egalitarianism is dominant whereby wealth and opportunities are distributed equally. There is no large gap between the rich and the poor. Egalit arianism has been known to cause tensions in area such as media and education where private sectors are discouraged. This is believed to bring harmony in the society. In both Japan and Korea, hierarchism has been promoted by Confucianism in which social protocols are vital in training juniors how to respect the seniors and how the same seniors should lead in the right manner. The idea behind this is to ensure a smooth running in the society (Hagget 3126). Confrontation-Indirectness Indirectness means diverting from the right course. Confrontation on the other hand confrontation means facing a person or situation directly without fear. There have been confrontations between the two countries in the past. Such an incident is like the one that occurred at the sea where the Koreans refused to be inspected. This led to a bitter feeling to the Japanese although the problem was solved smoothly. There is still fear that such cases are likely to occur in the future unless the Japanese will h ave good faith. The two countries have to act towards the good for both of them. Indirectness is highly embraced in Korea where the listener has to put effort in attempt to understand what the addresser is saying. Much work is to be done by the Korean reader as compared to the English readers (Eisenstein 143). Pragmatism-Formalism Though Korea and Japan has had conflicts, there has been close relationship due to the economic transactions carried out between them. Japan is known for its pragmatic goals in economics while Korea is known for its moral superiority. Japan is known for its pragmatism in the way of accepting to do business with the USA freely. Korea is not as pragmatic as Japan, though at long run, both tend to have the same achievement. In Japan use of horrific such as Keigo is common and it aims at bringing out the culture for the Japanese. Formalism is used to present the exact information to a scientific researcher because it addresses questions that are more pressing. The main addressed issues include; reference person reflectivity among others. The use of such brings out some sense of politeness and respect (Wetzel 4). Rationalism-Emotionalism Rationalism calls for actions out of reason and knowledge rather than religious or emotional reactions while emotionalism focus on reactions based on emotions. Cases of emotionalism are evident in both Japan and Korea. For example; Japan was not pleased with the discontinued negotiation over fisheries in 1969. Another instance of emotionalism is seen when Korea uses the word king instead of emperor in an attempt to humiliate Japanese. The issue of abducting Korean girls for slavery and sexual satisfaction by the Japanese also resulted into long debates in the USA House of Representatives with an aim of providing solution to the women mistreatment (Togo and Hasegwa, 52). Nationalism was more evident in Korea in which movements were formed in order to protect Koreans culture and ethnicity against the outsid ers. These movements included independent ones ant the partitioning of Korea into two in order to protect the country from the colonialist thus safeguarding their culture. Conversational constraints in conflict situations Both Koreans and Japanese are perceived to be collectivistic in their way of communicating mode. During conversation, conflicts are bound to occur and for both countries, different approaches are used to solve such conflicts and constraints such as concern for clarity, imposition minimization, and hurtful feelings by the audience reduction and hearer’s negative perceptions avoidance. Koreans seem to be more collectivism as compared to Japanese. While Japanese are more concerned with passage of information clearly and explicitly, Koreans focus more on avoiding negative feelings or hurting the hearer’s feelings. Differences in the perceptions of interaction goals between Koreans and Japanese How issues are perceived in both countries differ. This is att ributed to the cultural difference in the countries. The way words are understood in both countries is all different, for example; in Korea corruption is not a vice as in other countries like the USA. Another case can be seen in negotiation processes. To the Japanese, Harmony is a priority and in many cases they would not want to involve in dialogue that is likely to cause chaos. Honorifics and Politeness In Japan, use of Horrific is common whereby suffixes are used at the end of names to denote the relationship between the addressee and the addresser. Japanese have diverse levels of speech, honorifics, different words and polite verbs. The use of the above mentioned ideas depends on the situation in which the word is used; this means a word can have many meanings depending on the situation. The way to address a close friend or a family member is all different from the way of addressing an employer. The various speech level used include, keigo, sonkeigo and kenjougo. Keigo is the mo st used level especially with the foreigners because it is simple. The latter two are used in formal situations more so when seniors are addressing juniors. Examples of honorifics include; san which is equivalent to Mr., Ms or Mrs. in English, it is used for both male and female. Cha is another horrific used in informal situation to denote affection. It is commonly used by women and girls. In rare occasions, men can use it to imply some sense of affection to a young lady.It can also be used to refer to cute things or pets. Sama is a more polite one and it can be used to show respect to a senior. To show politeness in Japan, there are different ways of using I and you. It is perceived more polite to use ones title or name than to use you. Examples of I are; Wakatashi, Watashi and boku. Those of you are; Anata, Kimi and Anta (Honorifics and Politeness Levels para. 2). Just as in Japan, Koreans also make use of different honorifics, speech levels and verbs in order to set out a clear r elationship between the speakers and d the audience. All these are done to show respect and create a good relationship among different categories of people. Conclusion In both Korea and Japan, use of horrific is embraced in order to ensure harmony in the society. Their cultural practices are directly proportional to their language; therefore, it is important to understand culture in order to have a comprehension of the language. There are different ways of communicating in both Korea and Japan depending on the values to be achieved. Constraints in communication in both countries are also evident and these are different in the two countries. It is important to familiarize with a culture in order to be at pace with their way of doing things and communication modes. Works Cited Byon, Andrew, S. The role of linguistic indirectness and honorifics in achieving linguistic politeness in Korean requests. Deep culture: Individualism verses collectivism. Web. Dunn, Cynthia, D. Japanese honorif ic use as indexical of the speaker’s situational stance: Towards a new model. University of Northern Lowa. Eisenstein, Miriam, R. The Dynamic interlanguage: empirical studies in second language variation. Toronto: Springer, 1989. Web. Hagget, Peter. Encyclopedia of world Geography: Japan/ Korea. New York: Marshall Cavendish.  Honorifics and Politeness Levels. Web. Kim. Lee, Y. et al. A cross-cultural study on the value structure of mobile internet usage: comparison between Korea and Japan. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, VOL. 3, NO. 4. Web. Togo, Kazuhiko. Hasegawa, Tyuyoshi. East Asia’s haunted present: historical memories and the resurgence of nationalism PSI reports. ABC-CLIO.2008.  Understanding culture. Web. Wetzel, Patricia, J. Keigo in modern Japan: polite language from Meiji to the present. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. 2004. This research paper on Language and Culture: The honorifics (speech or system) of Japanese and Korean was written and submitted by user Ph1ll1p to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.